卫星编队飞行轨道和姿态控制研究

Study on the Orbit and Attitude Control of Spacecraft Formation Flying

卫星编队飞行是一种卫星应用的新概念,通过一系列造价更便宜的小卫星的分布式合作,代替大卫星实现复杂功能.在编队飞行一些应用中,要求受控卫星对目标卫星保持要求的相对位置和姿态以观察目标卫星的特定面,特别的,目标卫星可能是失效的.研究在近地轨道如何控制追踪星在失效的目标卫星附近飞行以追踪目标卫星特定面的问题,给出了相对姿态和一阶近似的相对轨道动力学方程.基于线性反馈和Liapunov稳定性理论设计了控制策略.进一步的,考虑目标卫星转动惯量的不确定性,通过自适应控制的方法,获得正确的转动惯量比率.数值仿真算例验证了该控制方法的有效性.

Formation flying is a novel concept of distributing the functionality of large spacecraft among several smaller, less expensive, cooperative satellites. Some applications require that a controllable satellite keep relative position and attitude to observe a specific surface of another satellite among the cluster. Specially, the target space vehicle is malfunctioning. The problem of how to control a chaser satellite to fly around an out-of-work target satellite closely in earth orbit and to track a specific surface is focused on. Relative attitude and first approximate relative orbital dynamics equations are presented. Control strategy is derived based on feedback linearization and Lyapunov theory of stability. Further, the uncertainty of inertia being considered, an adaptive control method is developed to obtain the correct inertial ratio. The numerical simulation is given to verify the validity of proposed control scheme.