多溴二苯醚(PBDEs)对环境的污染及其生态化学行为

Environmental pollution by polybrominated diphenyl ethers(PBDEs) and their ecological chemical behaviors:A review

作为一种良好的防火溴代阻燃剂(brominnted flamt retardants,BFRS),多溴二苯醚(polybrominated diphenyl ethers,PBDEs)主要应用于各种家用和工业产品中,包括各种电子产品和家庭装饰产品。近年来,环境中PBDEs的浓度在不断上升。PBDEs具有很高的亲脂性和持久性,使得其在环境中易于富集和生物放大;同时,PBDEs又具有一定的挥发性,能够长途迁移至偏远地区;PBDEs具有一定的生物致毒作用和内分泌干扰作用。本文从生态化学行为和生态毒性两个方面综合论述了PBDEs在环境中的分布及存在水平、一般毒性效应和内分泌干扰行为,分析了当前研究中存在的问题,展望了PBDEs污染的研究方向。

As a specific group of brominated flame retardants （ BFRs）, polybrominated diphenyl ethers （PBDEs） are widely used in a variety of household and industrial products, including electronics and household furnishings. It was reported that the concentrations of PBDEs are increasing exponentially in biota and abiota in recent years. Because of their lipophilicity and persistence, PBDEs can be bio-accumulated and bio-magnified in biota. In addition, PBDEs are evaporable to some extent, and thus, they can undergo long-distance transport to remote ecosystems. Many evidences indicated that PBDEs have definite toxic effects and endocrine disruption. From the aspects of ecological chemical behavior and eco-toxicity, this paper summarized the research results about the distribution and occurrence level of PBFRs in the environment as well as their toxic effects and behaviors in endocrine disruption, analyzed the existing problems in related researches, and discussed the research directions on PBDEs.