近50年庐山气温和降水变化趋势分析

Variations of Temperature and Precipitation of Lushan in Recent 50 Years

利用庐山气象站逐月观测资料,对1956—2005年庐山气温和降水的变化趋势进行了分析。结果表明,近50 a庐山年平均气温上升了0.8℃,其中冬季上升最明显,为1.5℃;夏季呈下降趋势,为0.2℃。20世纪60年代庐山年平均气温、夏季最高气温下降最为明显,1996年以后上升最为明显。年降水量自1996年起明显下降。庐山的年最高气温、年最低气温、秋季平均气温、秋季最高气温、春季最高气温、春季最低气温在1998年发生了均值突变,冬季最低气温则在1992年前后出现了均值突变;夏季降水在1995年出现均值突变。

The monthly observation data of Lushan station from 1956 to 2005 are employed to investigate the variation trend of temperature and precipitation of Lushan. The result shows that the annual mean temperature of Lushan increased about 0.8 ℃ in recent 50 a, the mean temperature in winter increased 1.5 ℃ while the mean temperature in summer decreased 0.2 ℃. The maximum decrease of the annual mean temperature and the summer maximum temperature occurred in 1960s, and increased obviously after 1996. The annual precipitation decreased sharply after 1996. There were idiovariations of the maximum and minimum annual temperature, the autumn mean temperature, the autumn maximum temperature and the spring maximum and minimum temperature in 1998. The winter minimum temperature changed suddenly around 1992, and the summer precipitation jumped in 1995.