家猫窦房结的光镜观察

Histological observation of sinoatrial node in cat heart

目的探讨猫心窦房结的形态特征。方法①取新鲜猫心窦房结组织,常规石蜡包埋切片,苏木精-伊红和Masson染色,光学显微镜观察记录;②利用透射电镜技术观察猫窦房结的亚微结构。结果猫窦房结位于界沟的腔静脉窦侧,心内外膜之间;上端距腔耳角3.1mm,末端最长延伸到下腔静脉口;主要由起搏细胞和移行细胞组成,起搏细胞分为亮细胞和暗细胞。移行细胞的形态介于起搏细胞和普通心肌细胞之间。结细胞之间存在较多的胶原纤维。窦房结动脉不位于结的中央。结论猫窦房结位置相对较低,结组织较为典型,可作为窦房结实验的典型动物使用。

Objective To probe morphological characteristics of sinoatrial node in cat heart. Methods （1）Using paraffin section, HE and Masson staining techniques. The sinoatrial node（SAN） in cat were observed under（by） light microscope. （2）The ultrastructure of sinoatial node in cat heart was observed under the electron microscopy. Results The SAN located near the sinus venarum beside terminal sulcus, and between endocardium and epicardium; There were 3.1 mm from the top of SAN to the angle between the superior vena cava and the fight auricle, and the inferior end of SAN extends to the orifice of inferior vena cava; The SAN was mainly composed of pacemaker cell（P cell） and transitional cell （T cell）. P cell can be divided into light cell and dark cell. The morphology of transitional cells was intermediate type between pacemaker cells and working cells. Many collagen fibers were seen around the cluster of cells. The artery of sinoatrial node was not located in the center of node. Conclusion The position of SAN in cat heart is lower than those of another animal. The histological structure of SAN is typical and can be used in experimentation of SAN.