辽宁阜新农村居民心肌梗死的流行病学特征及危险因素调查

Investigation on Correlative Risk Factors and Epidemic Characterization of Myocardial Infarction Among Rural Adult Groups in Fuxin County of Liaoning Province of China

目的了解北方农村地区成年人群心肌梗死的流行病学特征和相关危险因素,为北方农村地区心肌梗死的防治和干预提供科学依据。方法采用随机分层整群抽样对辽宁省阜新地区的7个乡镇≥35岁30214名农村常驻(≥5年)成年人进行了调查。由培训过的医师对调查对象进行了血压测量和常见心肌梗死危险因素资料的收集。结果辽宁省农村居民心肌梗死患病率为0.29%,标化率为0.28%;男性患病率为0.26%(标化率0.25%),女性患病率为0.32%(标化率0.31%),性别间差异无显著性(χ2=0.90,P=0.342)。随着年龄和血压分级的增高,心肌梗死患病率呈明显增高趋势。多元Logistic逐步回归分析表明年龄、超重、肥胖、高血压家族史、高血压、吸烟和爱吃咸食等因素是心肌梗死患病的危险因素。其中肥胖人群患心肌梗死的调整优势比是体质正常人群的6.08倍(95%CI为2.84～13.03)。结论辽宁省农村居民心肌梗死患病率较高,肥胖、高血压是心肌梗死最显著的危险因素,而许多居民对心肌梗死危险因素的防治知识非常匮乏。应提高农村居民对心肌梗死危险因素和相关知识的认识度,以降低心肌梗死的患病危险性。

Aim To assess the current epidemic characterization of myocardial infarction and risk factors among rural adult groups in Fuxin county of Liaoning province of China, and to provide scientific basis for preventing and intervening measurement of stroke in the rural area for government. Methods 30 214 resident people aged more than 35 years were collected with a multi-stage, stratified clustering sampling scheme in seven small towns of Fuxin county of Liaening province, China. The blood pressure measurement and corrdative risk factors about myocardial infarction were investigated by trained doctors. Resalts The prevalence rate of myocardial infarction for middle and old aged group in rural of Liacning province was 0 . 29% , and the standardized prevalence rate was 0.28%. The prevalence and standardized rate of myocardial infarction for male were 0.26% and 0.25 %, for female were 0.32 % and 0.31% respectively. The difference between the male and female was not significant （ 0.90, P = 0.342 ）. With the age and grade of blood pressure increasing, the prevalence rate was obviously up. By Logistic regression, risk factors of age, overweight, obesity, family history of hypertension, hypertension, smoking, like-eating salty food and so on were dose to myocardial infarction occurring. The fatalness of suffering from myocardial infarction among persons who had obesity was 6.08 times （ 95% CI： 2.84 - 13.03 ） of the same age ＂healthy＂ groups. Condusions Myocardial infarction was highly prevalent in rural areas of Liaoning province. Obesity and hypertension ranked the distinguished risk factors. However most residents were higbly short of prevention about myocardial infarction. We should improve the awareness of risk factors and correlation knowledge on myocardial infarction to prevent myocardial infarction in rural population of Liaoning province.