公路施工安全事故诱因与预警管理的探讨

Exploration on Accident Inducements of Highway Construction and Its Pre-warning Management

基于以往公路施工安全事故的分析,总结公路施工安全事故的特点,认为公路施工安全事故的发生,受到地质环境、社会外部环境、施工机械设备失控以及施工人员主观过错等因素的共同影响,并应用安全人机工程学的事故致因理论,分析各因素间的相互关系。针对事故诱因,提出构建公路施工安全事故的预控管理模式,对可能产生公路施工安全事故的主要因素、施工过程、紧急救援措施等进行监测与评价。通过预警分析,制定预控管理对策,以使公路施工事故的灾害损失尽量减少到最低。

Based on the statistic analysis of highway construction accidents in the past, the characteristics of these kinds of accidents are summarized. It was concluded that the occurrence of highway construction accidents are influenced by the combination of the geological conditions, the external environment of society, the runaway of construction machinery and the subjective errors of constructors. The relation among these factors is analyzed by the theory of accident causation in safety ergonomics. Aiming at the inducements, the pre-controlling mode for highway construction safety is provided. Main causes, construction process and emergency rescue methods are monitored and evaluated. Finally, pre-controlling measures are established by pre-waming analysis so as to reduce the loss caused by highway construction accidents to the minimum.