城市园林中鸟类及蜂蝶的重要性及其招引与保护

Significance of Birds, Bees and Butterflies in Urban Gardens and Their Attraction and Protection

鸟类及蜂蝶是城市生态系统的重要组成部分,一定程度上也是生态园林的具体体现,它们还可以提高园林的艺术感染力。因此有必要对它们加以招引和保护。本文在分析鸟类和蜂蝶生活习性的基础上,从提供食物、水源、栖息地等多个方面入手,提出了在园林设计中,有效吸引和保护鸟类、蜂蝶的途径和具体方法。针对不同地区分别推荐了适宜的植物群落配置,介绍了冬季补饲、悬挂巢箱、引鸟屋顶和引鸟水景的一般做法,最后从招引和保护鸟类和蜂蝶的角度,提出了城市建设和园林绿地养护管理中的一些需要注意的问题。

Birds, bees and butterflies not only are important components of urban ecosystems, but also can effectively improve the artistic appeal of the ecological garden. From the point of the urban biodiversity conservation and landscape quality, it is imperative that effective measures to be taken to attract and protect them. Unfortunately l^oth the newly-buih green space and old gardens in China have low species diversity, and so far, few researches have been conducted on how to attract them. Based on their behavior and habitat requirements, this paper presented several specific measures in landscape design, including providing foods, water and habitats. Plants that attract birds, bees and butterflies were recommended according to different area, and the general methods for winter feeding, nesting boxes placement, bird-attracting roof and waterscape design were introduced. Finally, some further details concerning urban construction and green space maintenance were discussed, and some specific suggestions were put forward, in terms of attracting and protecting birds, bees and butterflies.