《尧典》“幽州”考释——再论辽西古文化区在中国文明起源过程中的地位和作用

A Study of Youzhou in Yaodian——On the Role and Function of Liaoxi Ancient Cultural Region in the Origination of Chinese Civilization

《尧典》"幽州"是史前洪水时期自然形成的人文地理区划,其文化中心区域在燕山以北。幽州的地望与考古学界所提出的辽西古文化区的地域范围是基本相合的。幽州形成的文化根源在于辽西区红山文化的长足发展。从龙山时代早期的小河沿文化开始,中国文明起源与发展呈现出以中原地区为中心的趋势,辽西地区从此失去了曾作为文明起源中心区域之一的重要地位而逐渐沦为文化边缘地带。这便是《尧典》"幽州"并入《禹贡》"冀州"的历史原因。

Youzhou in Yaodian a human geographical region formed naturally during the prehistioric times. Its cultural center was to the north of Yanshan. Its geographical region is consistent with Liaoxi ancient cultural region proposed by archaeologists. The considerable development of Hongshan culture in Liaoxi region is its cultural orign. Since Xiaoheyan culture in early Longshan, there appeared in the historical development of China a tendency of taking Central Plains as the center. Since then, Liaoxi region lost its important role of one of the centers of civilization and became a marginal region of culture, which is the profound historical reason why Youzhou in Yaodian was finally combined with Jizhou in Yugong.