黑龙江省暴雪天气分析和预报技术

Weather analysis and prediction technology of snowstorm in Heilongjiang Province

分析表明,造成黑龙江省暴雪的低压天气系统不仅来自西北、偏西和偏南方向,而且还有在东北和日本海新生成的,其中又以西南和南来的居多;高空影响系统主要是低槽,其次是低涡,但降暴雪时多数是低涡;造成暴雪的锋面系统以暖锋和锢囚锋为最多。另外,从造成降水的成因和水平锋生这两个角度出发,给出了7个暴雪落区的温压场模型。850 hPa温度、850 hPa温度平流和拔海高度决定了降水(雨、雪)的性质。

weather analysis and prediction technology of snowstorm in Heilongjiang Province were studied with observed data for 24 snowstorm cases in winter from 1989 to 2004. The results show that the low vortex systems are not only come from northwest, and westerly and southerly but also generated in Northeast of China and Japan Sea, which caused the snowstorms in Heilongjiang Province. The southwest and southern low vortex is mostly in all selected cases. The upper systems are mainly trough and the secondly the low vortex, warm fronts and occlusion front are most in surface. Seven patterns of temperature and pressure were given according to the cause of precipitation and horizontal frontogenesis, at the same time prediction index of snow were given, snow or rain depends on 850 hPa temperature,850 hPa temperature advection and altitude.