基于一般P-C矩阵的R族科学发展节律指标——科学发展节律指标研究（1）

R-cluster Indicators for Measuring the Evolutionary Rhythm of Science Based on a General P-C Matrix

一论文集的一般P-C矩阵由论文数据和引文数据两部分组成。基于一般P-C矩阵并引入“等时性”概念，我们创建了关键变量Ck。Ck表示的是不同年份发表的论文在各自发表后第k年的引文数量的平均值。借助Ck可以构建R族科学发展节律指标，定义为引文观察值和引文期望值的比值，用于反映科学发展的节律。R族指标包括4项指标：①指标R——被引年视角加三角形引文窗口；②指标R’——被引年视角加平行四边形引文窗口；③指标r——引用年视角加三角形引文窗121；④指标r’——引用年视角加平行四边形引文窗口。以Journal of Documentation为例，本文具体说明了R族序列的计算和R族指标的应用。

A general P-C matrix of a set of articles is composed of two parts： publication data and citation data. Based on a general P-C matrix and introducing the notion of ＂isochronicity＂, a key measure, denoted as Ck, is created. Here the symbol Ck. represents the average number of citations of the articles,published in different years, in the k^th year after their publications. The creation of Ck leads to the construction of R-cluster indicators for measuring the evolutionary rhythm of science. The rhythm indicator is the ratio of observation-based citation data and expectation-based citation data. The R-cluster consists of four indicators [deleted] ① R indicator, with visual angle of cited year and triangle citation window; ② R＇indicator, with visual angle of cited year and parallelogram citation window; ③ r indicator, with visual angle of citing year and triangle citation window; ④ r＇ indicator, with visual angle of citing year and parallelogram citation window. Taking the Journal of Documentation as an example this article illustrates how to calculate the R sequences and how to apply the R-cluster indicators.