小鼠生物检测法测定热带性珊瑚礁鱼毒性的研究

Determination of toxicity of ciguatera fish by mouse bioassay

目的：研究小鼠生物检测法测定热带性珊瑚礁鱼毒性的检测方法，以预防雪卡毒素引起的食物中毒。方法：鱼肉组织在70℃蒸煮后经丙酮、乙醚、甲醇、正已烷等有机溶剂提取净化得到脂溶性毒素粗提液，对18～22g雄性小白鼠进行腹腔注射，观察24h，采用公式log（MU）=2．3log（1＋1／T）计算毒性大小。结果：有毒检体使小鼠产生行动迟缓、腹泻、呼吸困难、甚至死亡等症状。在采集的7份样品中，检出1份中毒样品毒性为0．11MU／g。其余均未检出毒性。结论：小鼠生物检测法是目前检测珊瑚礁鱼中雪卡毒素的一种有效、简便、经济、实用的方法，适用于珊瑚礁鱼毒性大小的研究和可疑样品的快速初筛。

Objective ：To develop a method for determination of ciguatoxins in coral reef fishes by mouse bioassay. Methods： The fish tissue was cooked at 70℃ and extracted with acetone, diethyl ether, hexane and methanol. The lipid soluble material was injected into healthy male mice weighing 18-22 g by intraperitoneal. Mice was observed and monitored for at least 24 h. The CTX level in fish samples extracts was quantified by using the dose and time-to-death relationship equation log（MU）=2.3log（1＋1/T）. Results：Affected mice exhibited typical signs of ciguatera including reduce locomotor activity, diarrhoea, breathing difficulty and death. One poisoning sample showed the toxicity of 0.11 MU/g, and the others were negative from seven samples collected from market. Conclusion：The mouse bioassay is a efficient ,simple and cost-effective method for the detection of CTXs level in coral reef fishes at present, and is suitable for rapid screening for CTXs contaminated fish.