甘蓝型油菜叶片硫甙含量的杂种优势研究

Heterosis of glucosinolates in hybrid leaves of Brassica napus L.

采用高效液相色谱法测定了甘蓝型油菜品种及杂交后代叶片的硫甙含量及组份,研究了两个低硫杂交组合不同时期油菜叶片硫甙总量及组份的杂种优势,进行了油菜叶片硫甙组份相关性分析。结果表明:普通油菜中油821叶片硫甙苗期含量最高,达33.15μm o l/g,随后持续下降;而低硫甙油菜品系从越冬到现蕾逐渐升高,薹期降低,初花期又升高,盛花时降到最低;6098×1008和6098×M 1两个杂交组合在薹期和花期叶片硫甙含量表现较高的负向优势,硫甙含量显著下降;两个杂交组合叶片硫苷组份中2-羟-3-丁烯、4-甲亚砜丁基、5-甲亚砜戊基、3-丁烯基、4-戊烯基等脂肪族硫甙均表现出负向优势,而芳香族硫甙和吲哚类硫甙在不同组合中优势表现不同,在6098×1008组合中仅3-吲哚甲基硫甙表现为负向优势,其他成分均表现为正向优势,在6098×M 1组合中所有芳香族硫甙和吲哚类硫甙成分均表现为负向优势。

The heterosis of glucosinolates in leaves of two rapeseed crosses were studied in this paper. Leaf glucosinolates content and components were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）. Both crosses presented mainly negative heterosis over both parents. The heterosis of glucosinolates in hybrids leaf were significant and negative in stem elongation and floral period,suggesting that it is difficult to increase leaf glucosinolates in these periods for high disease resistance through hybrid rapeseed and it would be the best time for harvesting the shoots as vegetable. All aliphatic glucosinolates presented negative heterosis over both parents. However,heterosis of aromatic and indolyl glucosinolates was different between crosses. Leaf glucosinolate contents and profiles varied significantly in double-high and double-low rapeseeds although aliphatic glucosinolates were the dominant ones in both leaves.