气象因子对大豆主要贮藏蛋白组分及亚基含量的影响

Effects of climate factors on the relative contents of major storage protein fractions and its subunits in soybean seeds

以20个大豆品种为材料,同年同地点分6个播期种植,考察了整个生长期以及营养生长和生殖生长两个时期的气象因子(总积温、总日照时数、总降水量、日均温差和日均相对湿度),对春大豆和夏大豆籽粒总蛋白以及主要贮藏蛋白组分、亚基相对百分含量的影响。结果表明:(1)大豆籽粒总蛋白含量以及组分、亚基相对百分含量会随播期的改变而变化。(2)整个生育期间,5个气象因子极显著影响20份大豆总蛋白含量,对春大豆总蛋白含量的影响也达极显著水平,仅总积温、总日照时数和总降水量对夏大豆总蛋白含量影响达显著水平。(3)整个生育期的总积温和总日照时数与20份大豆蛋白11S相对百分含量和11S/7S比值显著负相关,总积温与20份大豆蛋白7S含量显著正相关;但气象因子对春、夏大豆的7S、11S相对百分含量和11S/7S比值的影响不显著。(4)整个生育期间气象因子对各组分亚基的影响程度存在差异;夏大豆各蛋白组分亚基的相对百分含量受两个生育时期的气象因子影响皆不显著,而春大豆许多蛋白亚基相对百分含量受两个生育时期的气象因子的影响达到显著或极显著水平。

Twenty spring and summer soybean cultivars were used to explore the effects of climate factors on the relative contents of their major storage protein fractions and subunits. The cultivars were grown at six sowing times. The results showed that： （1）The total seed protein contents, the relative contents of major seed protein fractions and subunits of soybeans changed along with sowing time. （2） During the whole growth period,the effects of five climate factors on the total protein contents of twenty varieties and spring varieties were significant difference at 0.01 or 0.05 level. But for summer cultivars, only the effects of the accumulation temperature, the total sunshine duration, and the total rainfall on the total protein content were found to be significant. （3）During the whole growth period, the correlative coefficients among the accumulation temperature and the total sunshine duration,and the relative content of 11S and 11S/7S ratio of the twenty soybeans were markedly negative, and the one between the accumulation temperature and the 7S relative content was positive at 0. 05 level. However, the climate factors had no effect on the 7S and 11S relative contents and 11S/7S ratio of the spring and summer soybean, respectively. （4）During the whole growth period,the diversities among the effects of the five climate factors on the relative contents of major storage protein subunits of twenty varieties were found. For the summer cultivars during the vegetative and reproductive growth periods, no effects of the five climate factors on the relative contents of the protein subunits were found significantly. However, the effects of five climate factors on many protein subunits of spring varieties were found to be significant.