轮胎胎面与柔性路面摩擦接触的数值分析

Numeric Analysis of Friction Contact between Tread and Flexible Pavement

应用有限元软件ANASYS建立了包括橡胶胎面和柔性路面结构的有限元模型,探讨了车辆处于自由滚动和紧急制动过程中在不同轮胎/路面界面摩擦系数下的胎面、路表的变形特性和接触应力分布状态。研究结果表明,界面摩擦系数是影响胎面与柔性路面摩擦性能的主要原因,随其值的增加路面弯沉减小,摩擦应力先增加然后保持稳定,但轮胎的磨耗增加,接触压应力增加。适当地丰富路表构造、提高界面摩擦系数能降低路面弯沉,增强紧急制动状态下的抗滑性能;但是当摩擦系数超过某临界值时,随其数值的增大所对应制动状态下的抗滑性能不再提高,且路面压应力明显增加。摩擦特性对路表抗滑性能和路面力学响应的研究提供了一定的理论基础。

A finite dement analysis model including rubber tread and flexible pavement was established by FEM software ANASYS and friction contact problem between tread and flexible pavement is numerically analyzed. The deformational features of tread and surface and distribution of tangent stress in the conditions of different interfacial friction coefficients between tread and surface under freely rolling and emergent braking states were discussed. The results show that, the interfacial friction coefficient takes the main responsibility for friction properties between tread and flexible pavement; with increasing of the interracial friction coefficient, the deflection of pavement decreases, friction stress improves firstly and then keep stability; but both of tire wear and contact pressure increases. Aggrandizing the texture of pavement and increasing the interfacial friction coefficient between tread and surface can reduce the deflection of pavement effectively and improve the skid resistance of pavement under emergent braking states which are advantageous to pavement. But as the friction coefficient exceeds a certain critical value, the skid resistance corresponding tmder the emergent braking states doesn＇t enhance any longer, and the pressure of pavement augnents obviously which are disadvantageous to pavement. Thereby these friction properties between tread and surface above will provide an academic basis for researching skid resistance and mechanical response of flexible pavement.