纳米TiO_2半导体溶胶的光生物学效应

Photobiological Effects of Nano-TiO_2 Semiconductors Sol

通过溶胶-凝胶法制备了纳米TiO_2半导体溶胶材料(nano-TiO_2 semiconductor sol,NTSS),并测定了抗菌性能;以黄瓜为研究对象,初步探讨了NTSS在防治植物细菌性/真菌性病害及增加叶片光合色素含量方面的光生物学效应.试验结果表明,溶胶材料中TiO_2颗粒的结晶型为锐钛矿型,平均粒径为30.6nm;TiO_2溶胶材料可在叶片等固体表面形成连续、稳定的抗菌薄膜,具有很强的光氧化活性,抗菌率达到99.9%;通过人工接种病原菌试验及田间病害调查试验发现,黄瓜喷施一定浓度的NTSS后,可显著降低叶片病斑面积、发病率及病情指数,对黄瓜细菌性角斑病/霜霉病的发生具有抑制效果;测定叶片光合色素含量发现,NTSS对叶绿素(Chl)及类胡萝卜素(Car)的生成具有促进作用.

Nano-TiO2 semiconductors sol （NTSS） was synthesized through a sol-gel method, and its antibacterial abilities were identified by using bacterial pathogens of Pseudomonos syringae pv. lachrymans and Xanthomonasvesicatoria. Taking cucumber plants as experimental objects, the pho- tobiological effects of NTSS on preventing from plant bacterial/fungal diseases and promoting contents of photosynthetic pigments were primarily studied. Results show that crystal species of TiO2 particles synthesized in experiments are in anatase phase with average size of about 30.6nm. NTSS possesses strong oxidizing power with over 99.9% antibacterial rate by forming continuous and stable antibacterial films on surfaces of substance. Lesion areas, disease incidences and disease indexes of leaves can be significantly reduced by spraying NTSS on cucumber leaves; however, content of chlorophyll and carotenoid in leaves can be significantly promoted. It is proved that NTSS can significantly prevent and control the development and pervasion of bacterial angular leaf spot of cucumber. The experimental results lay an important theoretical foundation and technical approach for developing and applying of biofuntional nanomaterials in agricultural areas.