担杆岛自然保护区种子植物区系及猕猴食物资源研究

Study on Spermatophytic Flora and Feeding Plant Resources of Macaca mulatta on Dan'gan Island Nature Reserve

使用路线踏查法和样方取样法,调查了位于珠海市东南部的担杆岛自然保护区的植物资源种类.区内共有野生种子植物124科400属643种,种子植物区系以热带亚热带成分占优势,反映其植物区系具有明显的热带亚热带过渡性质.与内伶仃岛、蒲苔群岛、滩浒岛的植物区系相比,担杆岛植物科、属和种的资源方面均较为丰富.岛上猕猴采食的野生植物有172种,按采食部位可将其分为5类,其中以叶食性类型种类最多,其次为食果类型.猕猴主要取食植物的结实期集中在6—12月.在各植被类型中,次生林中的食物种类最为丰富,次生林是猕猴种群的重要栖息地.建议在植被退化严重的局部地段,应用可供猕猴食用的乡土植物进行植被恢复,改善猕猴生存的自然环境.

Coupled with the quadrat sampling method, the route survey method was applied to investigate the plant resources on Dan＇ gan Island Nature Reserve, which is located on two offshore islands in the southeast of Zhuhai City. Six hundred and forty-three species of wild spermatophytes were recorded in this area, which belong to 124 families and 400 genera. Its flora shows strong transitional features between the tropical and subtropical nature. By comparison with Neilingding Island, Putai Islands and Tanxu Island, the floristic characteristics and their relationships with Dan＇ gan Island were discussed. There are totally 172 species of diet plants eaten by Macaca mulatta on the islands. According to the edible parts, they are classified as five types, of which the leaved-eaten and fruited-eaten types are the most. Most species produce fruits between June and December. The diet plants are most abundant in the secondary forest, which are the most important habitats for the protection of Macaca mulatta. It is suggested that the native and diet plants should be chosen for the rehabilitation in the location of severe vegetation degradation to improve the habitats of Macaca mulatta.