溶藻弧菌疫苗对黑鲷的免疫效果研究

Studies on the Vaccination Against Vibrio alginolyticus in Farmed Marine Sparus macrocephalus

用溶藻弧菌1.1587制备全细胞、全细胞+弗氏完全佐剂(FCA)、脂多糖(LPS)3种疫苗,疫苗经腹腔对黑鲷进行免疫注射,分别在第7、14、28、56 d采鱼血,检测抗体效价、白细胞吞噬活力、溶菌酶活力、SOD活力和抗菌活力;第28 d用5.5×108cfu/mL的溶藻弧菌悬液进行攻毒试验来比较疫苗的免疫效果.结果表明:抗体凝集效价在28 d达到最高值,免疫组2显著高于免疫组1和免疫组3(P<0.05);白细胞吞噬百分数和吞噬指数28 d达到最高值,3个免疫组都显著高于对照组(P<0.05);免疫组1和免疫组2溶菌酶活力在28 d达到最高值,显著高于对照组(P<0.05);SOD活力在28 d达到最高值,免疫组1和免疫组2显著高于对照组(P<0.05).3种疫苗对黑鲷攻毒后20 d的免疫保护率分别为71.4%、85.7%、71.4%.全细胞-FCA疫苗对黑鲷的免疫效果最好.

Sparus macrocephalus were vaccinated with a formalin-killed whole-cell vaccine, a whole-cell with Freund＇ s Complete Adjuvant（FCA） vaccine and a lipopolysacchride vaccine （LPS） isolated from Vibrio alginolyticus via intraperitoneal injection, respectively. Antibody titers, leucocyte phagocytosis, lysozymes, superoxide dismutase and bactericidal activity were examined on 7^th, 14^th, 28^th, 56^th d after first-vaccination. A dosage of 0. 2 mL of Vibrio alginolyticus 5.5 × 10^8 cfu/mL was intraperitoneally injected to the vaccinated fish to evaluate the protective efficiency of the vaccine. The results indicated that： the antibody titers was the highest on 28 d, immunized group 2 was higher significantly than immunized group 1 and 3 （ P 〈 0. 05 ） ; The phagocytic percentage （PP） and phagocytic index （PI） were highest on 28 d, and three immunized groups showed significant difference when compared with the control group（ P 〈 0. 05 ） ; Lysozyme of immunization groups 1 and 2 were the highest on 28 d, and showed significant difference compared with control group （ P 〈 0.05 ） ; SOD was the highest on 28 d, and immunization groups 1 and 2 were higher significantly than the control group（ P 〈 0. 05 ）. 20 d after challenge with Vibrio alginolyticus, the relative percentage survival（RPS） values were 71.4% ,85.7% ,71.4% , respectively. It showed that the vaccination of a whole-cell with FCA vaccine was the best of all.