利用光学方法对液体表面张力的非接触式测量

Nondestructive measurement of the liquid surface tension by means of optical method

实验上对频率为几百赫兹的低频液体表面波进行了研究,得到了清晰稳定的衍射条纹。理论上对这一现象进行了分析,得出了衍射条纹角宽度与表面波波长之间的解析关系式。根据流体力学中的色散关系可知,利用实验测量所得的表面波波长,可以得到液体表面张力。因此,本文建立了一种用来实时、无损测量液体表面张力的方法。

Light diffraction from liquid surface waves at low- frequency was experimentally realized. In the experiment, steady and visible diffraction patterns were obtained. Theoretically analyzed the diffraction patterns. The corresponding analytic expression of the angle width of diffraction patterns was derived. According to the dispersion relation of the fluid mechanics, the liquid surface tension was obtained based on the wavelength of the LSW. Therefore, a real time, nondestructive method which was applied to measure the liquid surface tension was developed in this paper.