三种学习理论在远程教育学习材料设计中的运用

On the Application of Three Learning Theories to the Design of Learning Materials in Distance Education

要理解教学设计,首先要了解三种学习理论:行为主义、认知主义和建构主义。如何设计远程教育的学习材料,如何在学习材料中渗透教学方法,三种不同的学习理论会产生三种不同的指导思路。文章从六个方面分别介绍这三种学习理论及其在远程教育学习材料设计中的运用:学习是如何发生的;学习任务类型;教学策略;教学建议;嵌入技术;案例介绍。

Understanding the nature of instructional design starts with the three main theoretical approaches： behavioural,cognitive and constructive. The three approaches lead, in turn, to three views of what the functions of learning materials in distance education should be and what sort of devices should be inserted into distance education learning materials in order to promote effective leaming. The paper introduces the three learning theories and their applications to the instruction design in distance education learning materials in the following ways：l. How does learning occur？ 2. What are the learning tasks to which that theory is often applied？ 3. How should instruction be structured？ 4. What are the instruction suggestion？ 5. What are the embedded devices that instructional designers include in their materials？ 6. The introduction to the case applied.