神性祛昧与理性皈依——由中国传统乐论看音乐社会身份的流变

Divinity Abatement and Rationality Conversion——On the Track of Social Status of Chinese Ancient Music From Traditional Music Theory

对于考察音乐的社会身份转变,中国传统乐论具有标本性意义。传统乐论经历了从上古神灵崇拜意识下的神性音乐到先秦、两汉儒家"礼乐"观,以及落实到魏晋六朝"声无哀乐"论启发的音乐理性的皈依;完成了从审美意识形态之乐向赋有音乐理性的音乐本身的回归。中国音乐美学观念在神性与理性之间徘徊。同时,传统乐论中表现出的音乐社会身份的流变,也遗留了一组矛盾关系:审美意识形态下音乐主流地位以其音乐理性的丧失为代价,而音乐理性的获得之时也意味着其淡出社会主流逐渐边缘化过程的开始。

Chinese traditional musical theory is the model for analyzing the social status of Chinese ancient music. The track of Chinese traditional theory includes divinity music, etiquette music of the Confucianism and rational theories. Wandering between divinity and rationality, Chinese musical aesthetics shows the track of social status of the music. Meanwhile, there is a paradox： the mainstrearning social status means the losing of music nature; otherwise, music nature leads Chinese ancient music into mainstream.