中西高校专业艺术教育之比较——兼谈国内二级学科艺术学的学科建设问题

A Comparative Study of Professional Art Education at the Universities of China and Western Countries——Also on the Discipline Construction of Art in China

迄今为止,无论在西方还是在中国,艺术论(概念阐释)和艺术史并没有实现科学的对接,学科名称的理解和使用上存在着明显的错位。就艺术学学术认知和学科建设而言,二级学科艺术学的增设无论对于西方还是对于中国均具有特别重要的意义。如果说西方学者自费德勒和德索以来尝试建立一般艺术学的努力尚未能进入学科层次的话,这种缺憾在中国由于二级学科艺术学的设置已经得到了弥补,从而在体制上为传统学科艺术论与艺术史的脱节问题的解决提供了前所未有的条件。当然,由于起步未久,国内对于二级学科艺术学的认识和做法也存在种种不足。可以说,只有真正解决了学术认知、队伍建设和学科支撑诸方面的问题,二级学科艺术学学科才能在体制上宣布完备和成熟。

Up to the present, whether in the Western countries or in China, the art theory （concept explanation） has not been scientifically linked with the art history. There exist mistakes in the understanding and using of the discipline name. Speaking from the perspective of academic recognition and discipline construction, it is of great importance to have established art as the second - level discipline in China, whether for Western countries or China. If the efforts of western scholars since Fiedler and Ddssoir to establish general art as a discipline have not succeeded, the establishment of art as second - level discipline, which provides the system guarantee for the settlement of displacement problem between art theory and art history,compensates for this kind of pity.However, for later start,there are still many defects in the understanding and practice of art.Only when the problems in academic recognition, talents cultivation, discipline support are settled, can we say that art as the second- level has been perfect in terms of system.