基于反应时的人格内隐测量及其方法学的思考

Latency-based Implicit Measures of Personality and the Relevant Methodological Issues

人格测量的热点已经转向内隐层面,以反应时为基础的内隐人格测量方法不断推陈出新,如多因素特质内隐联结测验、个人化内隐联结测验、内隐联结程序、单目标词内隐联结测验等,它们从不同侧面丰富了内隐人格测量的方法,深化了内隐人格的理论建构。但新的问题也不断出现,如内隐测量的表征是无意识的吗?内隐测量能避免社会赞许性等动机的影响吗?内隐测量的表征是高度稳定的吗?内隐测量是过程纯净的吗?内隐人格测量可以防止作伪吗?文章回顾了内隐人格测量的相关理论及有关的研究,对这些问题进行了初步的思考。

Implicit social cognition research has brought a renaissance of interest in personality processes that operate outside of awareness or deliberate behaviour. However, contemporary methods no longer focus on latent or unconscious, but rather on implicit or automatic processes; the many recently developed implicit measures tend to be based on response times rather than on the interpretation of content of narratives. Methods like the Implicit Association Test and its variants, such as Multifactor Trait IAT, Personalized IAT, Implicit Association Procedure, and Single-Target IAT etc, have sparked a lot of interest, which have been developed to assess individual differences in many aspects of the self-concept of personality. This paper reviewed these new methods, as well as some relevant methodological issues. Several questions were also put forward to clarify the current consideration on these issues.