广东省新生儿缺血缺氧性脑病发病率调查及危险因素分析

Incidence investigation and risk factor analysis on hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy in newborn babies of Guangdong province

目的了解广东省新生儿缺血缺氧性脑病（HIE）的发病率及其流行特征，分析有关危险因素。方法以整群抽样的方式收集资料数据等，用多因素Logistic回归分析筛选危险因素。结果广东省HIE发病率为0．92％。产妇心脏病、贫血、流产次数、胎位因素、催产素、胎头吸引、胎膜早破等19项因素为HIE发病的危险因素，怀孕次数、接近分娩的最后一次产检以及较高等级的产检医院为HIE发病的保护因素。羊水不正常、出生体重增加、5min Apgar评分异常、出生皮肤颜色、呼吸、心跳异常、1minApgar评分异常、出生时反射异常、出生第一天神志异常等因素为HIE发病的胎儿、新生儿危险因素。结论避免与HIE发病高度相关的危险因素．关注保护因素．采取积极的预防措施，可相对地减少和预防HIE的发病。

Objective To study the incidence of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy （HIE） in Guangdong province and its epidemiological characteristics, and analyze the relative risk factors. Methods Data were collected by cluster sampling and risk factors were screened by multi-factor Logistic regression analysis. Results The incidence of HIE in newborn babies of Guangdong province was 0.92%. Risk factors for the occurrence of HIE included heart diseases or anaemia in lying-in women, miscarriage times, fetal position, oxytocic hormone, vacuum extraction and premature rupture of membranes and so on; protective factors for the occurrence of HIE included conception times, the last antenatal examination approaching delivery and antenatal examination hospital with a comparatively high level, fetal risk factors fro the occurrence of HIE included abnormal amniotic fluid, increased birth weight, abnormal Apgar score at postpartum 5 min, abnormal birth skin color, breath or heartbeat, abnormal Apgar score at postpartum 1 min, postpartum dysreflexia and abnormal consciousness at the postpartum first day etc. Conclusion Risk factors prevented and protective factors paid attention to, the incidence of HIE can be reduced and prevented in future.