指示与照应的语用、认知分析

Pragmatic and Cognitive Analysis on Deixis and Anaphora

在Levinson对指示词语不同用法的总结的基础上,我们对指示和照应的用法进行进一步探究,结果表明,指示和照应不是相互排斥的,它们分处两端共同构成一个连续体,不同的指示语按照它们的不同用法分布在这个连续体的不同位置上。在指示语的释义过程中,语用因素和认知因素不是孤立地起作用,相反,它们是相互作用并呈现为一种互补关系的。语用照应的制约性是通过语用关联来实现的。

On the basis of Levinson＇ s summary of the different usages of deixical expressions, we have further summed up the usages of deixis and anaphora. It is observed that deixis and anaphora are not mutually exclusive, and they locate themselves on two sides to constitute a continuum. According to their different usages, different deixical expressions are distributed on the different positions on this continuum. In the process of the interpretation of the deixical expressions, pragmatic factors and cognitive factors are not functioning in isolation. On the contrary, they are mutually functioning and they present a complementary relation. The binding of pragmatic anaphora is realized through pragmatic relevance.