早产儿氧疗监护观察

Observations of oxygen therapy in premature infants

目的检测不同输氧方式、不同氧流量、不同环境的吸入氧浓度值，从而取得适合早产儿氧疗的吸入氧浓度值及氧疗方式。方法采取专人统一条件应用双鼻导管、头罩（普通型、法斯特头罩）、氧帐在不同暖箱中，采取不同氧流量进行氧浓度的监测，并进行氧浓度值的比较，以选择何种氧疗方式更适合于早产儿。结果双鼻导管吸氧在0．5L／min、1L／min、2L／min普通法氧浓度均〉95％，改良法氧浓度均〉60％并随氧流量增加而升高，但两种方法吸氧浓度差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）；头罩吸氧3～5L／min流量的氧浓度均〈50％，在3种暖箱中氧浓度无明显差异；氧帐吸氧中各氧流量的氧浓度均〈30％，在3种暖箱中氧浓度无明显差异；法斯特头罩吸氧的氧浓度与所标记值基本相符。结论流量〈5L／min头罩氧帐和法斯特头罩用于早产儿氧疗比较安全，而双鼻导管吸氧不适合早产儿氧疗。

Objective Measuring inhaled oxygen concentration from various ways of administration, its flow, environment in order to find an optimal way of oxygen therapy for the premature infants. Methods To measure and compare the oxygen concentrations in different ways of administration of inhaled oxygen including bilateral nasal tube, head hood, Fastar head hood and incubator tent with various oxygen flow. Results In the group using bilateral nasal tube, oxygen concentration was greater than 95% in common method group and 60% in improved method group in which oxygen flow velocity was 0. 5 L/min, 1 L/min and 2 L/min. The difference showed statistical significance （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. In the head hood group, measuring oxygen concentration was less than 50% in the 3 - 5 L/min of oxygen flow rate. Fastar head hood showed the same results. In the incubator tent, measuring oxygen concentration was less than 30% in the 3 - 5 L/min of oxygen flow rate. Conclusions Head hood with less 5 L/min of oxygen flow velocity and Fastar head hood and incubator tent are the safe ways of oxygen therapy for premature infants.