300Hz矩形波连续音对真鲷音响驯化的实验研究

Acoustic taming on Chrysophrys major by rectangular continuant of 300 Hz

作为一种资源管理型的渔业方式，音响驯化型海洋牧场的开发是新世纪海洋渔业发展的主要内容之一，但对海水鱼类进行驯化时采用何种频率和波形声音的研究积累尚少。在实验室条件下，用300Hz矩形波连续音对真鲷（Chrysophrys major）进行音响驯化实验，结果表明，真鲷的反应时间逐日缩短并接近对照组，平均反应时间为15．1s，其中第5天、第6天、第10天的反应时间与对照组差异不显著（P〉0．05）；聚集时间逐日减少并从第7天开始低于对照组，平均聚集时间为41.3s，其中第10～15天的聚集时间与对照组有极显著差异（P〈0．01）；聚集率则逐日增加并从第3天开始超过对照组，平均聚集率为87．6％，其中第4天、第10-15天的聚集率与对照组有极显著差异（P〈0．01）。由此可见，300Hz矩形波连续音对真鲷具有明显的驯化作用。

The exploitation of marine ranching of acoustic taming is an important aspect of marine fishery in new century as a managing fishery, but the research data about what kind of sound frequency and waveform should be applied to oceanic fish were still few. So far, researchers, have done a lot of work about acoustic taming of fish according to their hearing characteristics, and they often emphasized on the use of sound frequency, but seldom paid attention on the wave shape. In order to know the effects of acoustic taming with different wave shapes on Chrysophrys major, the behavior of Chrysophrys major was studied by means of acoustic taming using rectangular continuant of 300 Hz in laboratory. At the same time, a control experiment without acoustic taming was set up. The results showed that the response time and aggregation time of Chrysophrys major were decreasing gradually, and aggregation ratios were increasing gradually. There was a gradual process for Chrysophrys major in trails to be familiar with sound stimulus; the response time of Chrysophrys major was decreasing gradually and close to the values of control; the average aggregation time was 15.1 s, and there was no significant difference between trial and control （P〉0.05） on the 5^th, 6^tb and 10^th days, and the aggregation time was decreasing gradually and began to be lower than the values of control from 7^th days; the average aggregation time was 41.3 s, and there was extremly significant difference （P〈0.01） from 10^th to 15^th days between control and the trials. The aggregation ratios were increasing gradually and became higher than the values of control from the 3rd days, and the average aggregation ratio was 87.6 %, and there was extremly significant difference（P〈0.01） on the 4^th days and from 10^th to 15^th days. It illuminates that rectangular continuant of 300 Hz has a distinct revulsive effect on Chrysophrys major. [Journal of Fishery Sciences of China, 2008, 15 （1） ： 86-91 ]