正常人在模拟高速电梯上升环境中听力和鼓室压力的改变

The Change of Hearing Level and Tympanic Pressure in Simulated Ascending Elevator of High Speed

目的观察正常人在模拟不同速率的上升电梯环境中听力和鼓室压力有无改变及改变的程度。方法取健康、听力和鼓室压正常的受试者20例(40耳),在50秒改变密闭模拟升空环境容器压力低于正常大气压2kPa和50秒改变密闭容器压力低于正常大气压4kPa时的模拟容器内,分别评估500、1000、2000Hz的纯音听阈和鼓室压值。结果当大气压力改变至低于正常值2kPa时,受试者言语频率的纯音听阈和鼓室压力值上升,与正常状态比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);当大气压力改变至低于正常值4kPa时,受试者言语频率的纯音听阈和鼓室压力值亦升高,与正常状态比较,除1000Hz纯音听阈外,其余差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论模拟上升电梯环境中若使周围环境大气压低于正常大气压时,会对乘坐者的言语频率听力及鼓室压力产生影响,使听力发生一定程度的下降并导致鼓室压升高。

Objective To observe the change of hearing level and tympanic pressure in simulated ascending elevator of high speed. Methods 20 volunteers with normal hearing level and tympanic pressure,got in airtight cavity. Changed the inner pressure to 2 kPa and 4 kPa below normal atmospheric pressure with in 50 seconds,and recorded were the pure tone hearing thresholds of 500,1 000,2 000 Hz and tympanic pressure（MEP） . The results were compared with normal state. Results （1）When changed inner pressure to 2 kPa below normal atmospheric pressure,the pure tone hearing threshold of 500,1 000,2 000 Hz and the tympanic pressure ascended. There was significant difference comparing with normal situation. QWhen inner pressure was 4 kPa below normal atmospheric pressure, the pure tone hearing threshold and the tympanic pressure ascended. Significant difference was found as compared with normal situation, except for the pure tone hearing threshold of 1 000 Hz. Conclusion Hearing level and tympanic pressure changes in high speed elevator of ascending speed.