硫酸氢钠催化合成三乙酸甘油酯

Catalytic Synthesis of Glyceryl Triacetate with Sodium Bisulfate

三乙酸甘油酯是一种用途广泛的精细化工产品。以乙酸、甘油为原料,通过酯化反应合成乙酸甘油酯。考察了催化剂用量、带水剂、酸醇摩尔比和反应时间等因素对酯化反应的影响;确定了适宜的反应条件:催化剂(一水硫酸氢钠)的用量为原料总质量的4.0%、带水剂甲苯的用量为甘油质量的1%、乙酸与甘油的摩尔比为5.0和反应时间约8 h,其产品收率为84.5%(酯化率97.3%)。利用红外光谱分析、元素分析,对产品进行了物性及结构表征。

As a kind of widely used fine chemical, glyceryl triacetate was synthesized by esterification of glycerin with acetic acid. Effects of catalyst dosage, kind of water carrier, ratio of raw material and reaction time were investigated. The optimum condition of reaction was found： as catalyst, NaHSO4·H2O is 4.0 % of the total weight of material; as water carrier, toluene is 1.0 time of the weight of glycerin; the mole ratio of acetic acid to glycerin is 5.0, the reaction time is 8 h, the yield of glyceryl triacetate is 84.5% （the rate of esterification is 97.3 % ）. The physical property and the structure of product were characterized by IR and elementary analysis.