从犹太对话哲学解读“有朋自远方来”

Confucius's Conception of Dialogue between Friends in Terms of Jewish Philosophy of Dialogue

借助当代犹太哲学家马丁·布伯和E·列维纳斯的对话哲学,分析《论语》中"有朋自远方来,不亦乐乎"这句话,它指出朋友间的对话是快乐的、伦理性的,既有"我-你"对话的维度,也有"我-他"对话的维度。在孔子儒学中可以发现类似于犹太哲学家所说的对话哲学,因此在一定意义上可以称孔子的儒学为对话的儒学。从犹太对话哲学的视界解读《论语》,开掘对话儒学的可能性意义,也许是《论语》诠释的一个新向度。

We analyze the specific meanings of the second sentence （Is it not delightful to have friends coming from distant quarter？ ） in the first paragraph in the Analects of Confucius in terms of Martin Buber＇ s and Emmanuel Levinas＇ philosophy of dialogue. In the context of Analects, dialogue between friends which includes dimension of ＇ I-Thou＇ and＇ I-Other＇, is a joyful thing and has ethical significance. We find some elements which are very similar to Jewish philosophy of dialogue in Confucius＇ s philosophy. In one sense, Confucianism might be called the dialogical one. Interpreting Analects from perspectives of philosophy of dialogue and exploring the bearing of dialogical Confucianism open new ways to approach Analects.