带血管蒂组织瓣预构组织工程骨血管化的研究

Histological Observation on Vascularization of Engineered Tissue Bone by Various Treatments of Pedicled Flaps

目的:比较复合骨髓间充质干细胞(MSCs)的β-TCP生物陶瓷和单纯β-TCP生物陶瓷在大鼠体内与不同带血管蒂组织瓣联合植入后的血管再生能力。方法:80只成年SD大鼠,根据植入材料不同分2组,即左侧的复合MSCs的β-TCP生物陶瓷(实验组)和右侧的单纯β-TCP生物陶瓷(空白组),再按不同的处理因素分为带膝最上血管骨膜支的骨膜瓣包裹组和贯穿组,带腹壁浅血管的深筋膜包裹组和直接股部皮下埋放组。于术后第2,4,8,16周处死动物后进行Masson染色、墨染大体透明标本、墨染切片HE染色及血管内皮细胞Ⅷ因子相关抗原(Ⅷ-RAg)免疫组织化学染色观察比较新血管的生成。结果:实验组墨染区和Ⅷ-RAg阳性区比例(Pv值和Pr值)在2-8周时均高于对照组。(实验组和对照组)带血管蒂组织瓣处理组4-8周时的Pv值和Pr值均高于非组织瓣处理组。结论:MSCs在材料植入后2周内对诱导新血管形成起主要作用;带血管蒂组织瓣在材料植入后4-8周对诱导新血管生成起主要作用;带血管蒂骨膜瓣有较好的血管化和成骨能力。

Objective： To compare the vascularization of MSCs/β-TCP complex and β-TCP implanted in rats with various kinds of pedicled tissue flaps. Methods： Eighty healthy adult SD rats were respectively implanted with MSCs β-TCP complex in left thigh （experimental sides） and β-TCP in right thigh （control sides）. According to different treating methods, the materials were enveloped with, or transfixed into the supereme genual periosteal flap, or enveloped with superficial epigastric deep fascia flap, or embedded into subcutaneous thigh. The vascularization in each condition was assessed by histological observation （Masson stain）, ink physical, ink histological observation and Ⅷ factor related antigen marked at time intervals of 2, 4, 8 and 16 weeks after operation. Results： In experimental groups, the amount of new vessels and the expression of Ⅷ- PRAg were more stronger than those in control group at 2 to 8 weeks. In those groups treated with flaps, the amount of new vessels and the expression of Ⅷ-PRAg were more stronger than those in non-flap-treated groups at 4 to 8 weeks. Conclusion： The tissue engineering bone was vascularized by MSCs at earlier observation period, then the flaps have great effect on the vascularization. The pedicled periosteal flap is proven to be the best in the vascularization and osteogenesis of the tissue engineered bone.