细辛精油对7种玉米病害的离体抑菌效果

The Antibacterial Activities of Asarum Essential Oils on Diseases in Maize in Vitro

采用生长速率法和孢子萌发法测定了细辛精油对引起玉米病害的7种病原菌(小斑病菌、弯孢霉叶斑病菌、链格孢叶斑病病菌、圆斑病菌、顶腐病菌、青枯病菌和瘤黑粉病菌)的菌丝生长和孢子萌发的影响。结果表明,对瘤黑粉病菌、顶腐病菌、青枯病菌和弯孢霉叶斑病病菌的菌丝生长和孢子萌发抑制效果均较好,EC90均低于700mg.L-1;对小斑病菌和链格孢叶斑病病菌的孢子萌发抑制效果较好,而对其菌丝生长的抑制效果较差;对圆斑病菌的菌丝生长和孢子萌发的抑制效果均较差,EC90均高于900mg.L-1。对于同一种病原菌来说,细辛精油对其孢子萌发的抑制效果好于对其菌丝生长的抑制效果。

The effects of asarum essential oils on hyphae growth and spore germination of seven pathogens （Bipolaris maydis, Curvularia lunata, Ahernaria tenuis, Bipolaris carbonum, Fusarium moniliforme, Fusarium spp., Ustsilago maydis） in maize were studied in this article. The growth rate method and spore germination method were used to determine the activities. The results showed that the asarum essential oils had significant antibacterial activities on tested pathogens, while effects on spore germination were higher than that on hyphae growth. The effects on hyphae growth and spore germination of Ustsilago maydis, Fusarium moniliforme, Fusarium spp. and Curvularia lunata were better, EC90〈700mg·L^-1. The effects on spore germination of Bipolaris maydis and Alternaria tenuis were better than that on hyphae growth. The effects on hyphae growth and spore germination of Bipolaris carbonum were not better, EC90〈700mg·L^-1.