2004年11月南大洋上一对气旋的结构分析

An observational study of two cyclones over the Southern Ocean in November 2004

利用各种观测资料,包括美国国家环境预报中心发行的FNL(Final Analysis)资料和GOES-9(Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite)红外卫星云图资料,对2004年11月15日至25日中国"雪龙"号南极科学考察船穿越南半球西风带时对其影响最大的一对气旋M和N进行了研究.首先对天气背景进行了介绍,并利用FNL资料和卫星云图对气旋对的演变过程进行了描述,最后对这对气旋的垂直结构进行了分析,发现气旋M具有明显的暖心结构,斜压性较弱,而气旋N有不太明显的暖心结构,在其上空有明显的螺旋云团,斜压性较强.

In this paper, the structures of two cyclones, named as M and N, which occurred over the southern oceans in November 2004 and impacted on the navigation of Chinese research vessel Xuelong significantly are investigated by using almost all available observational data, including FNL （Final Analysis） data issued by NCEP （National Centers for Environmental Prediction）, and GOES （Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite）-9 infrared satellite imagery. Firstly, the synoptic background situation was introduced. The evolutionary processes of these two cyclones are then described based upon FNL data and GOES-9 satellite imagery. Finally, the vertical structures of these two cyclones are analyzed. It is found that cyclone had distinct ＂warm core＂ structure with weaker baroclinicity, while cyclone N had un-obvious ＂warm core＂ accompanied with a distinct spiral-shaped cloud pattern at satellite image as well as stronger baroclinicity.