小麦籽粒不同部位的矿质元素组成与其含量差异

Differences of Mineral Element Compositions and Their Contents among Different Positions of Wheat Grains

采用X-射线能谱仪测定非糯与糯性等品种小麦籽粒不同部位的矿质元素组成(H和He元素除外)和含量的结果表明:小麦籽粒中除含有大量C、O外,皮层富含K、P、se,其次是Cl、Si、S、Mg和Ca等;糊粉层富含P、K和Mg,其次是Si、Se、S、Ca、Cl和Fe等;胚乳层中相应的矿质元素含量比皮层和糊粉层低。不同品种籽粒各部位的矿质元素含量存在遗传性差异。据此认为籽粒磨成粉时应减少糊粉层的损失,以提高面粉的矿质价值。

Differences of mineral element compositions and their contents among different positions of waxy and no-waxy wheat grains by energy-dispersive X-ray analyses were studied. Except for amounts of C and O in gains, grain cortex contained mainly K, P, Se with low amounts of Cl, Si, S, Mg and Ca. P, K and Mg were contained in aleurone layer of wheat grains with low amounts of Si, Se, S, Ca, Cl and Fe. The mineral nutrients contents in endosperm layer were low except for C and O. These were genetic differences for mineral element contents among wheat cultivars. Reducing the loss of aleurone layer in milling process could improve nutrient value of wheat flour.