英汉交替传译中的预测机制

Anticipation Mechanism Applied in English-Chinese Consecutive Interpreting

英汉交替传译需要口译员运用多种能力和技巧来完成听、理解、记忆信息再表达的过程,而积极听力技巧在整个口译的过程中起到至关重要的作用。但是由于发言者本身以及口译员本身的诸多因素,经常出现信息遗漏或者信息理解错误的情况。然而通过预测手段的使用,口译员可以最大限度地预测演讲者陈述的信息,更好地完成口译任务。本文陈述了关键词预测、连贯手段、语调预测、冗余预测四种言内预测手段和交际场预测以及文体风格预测两类言外预测手段,以期给口译工作者带来一定的启发和帮助。

Consecutive interpreting requires a variety of ability and techniques like listening, under, memorizing and reformulating among which active listening plays a vital role in the whole process. Unfortunately, owing to the constraints both from the speaker＇s side and interpreter＇s side, misunderstanding and missing of information frequently happen. Through anticipation techniques, interpreters can grasp, to the maximum, the message that a speaker is to deliver. This paper focuses on four inner - language anticipation skills namely, key word anticipation, linking device anticipation, tone anticipation as well as redundancy anticipation and two outer- language anticipation skills, namely, scenario anticipation and stylistic anticipation. What＇s more, some specific examples are provided to offer help to interpreters.