江苏省扬州地区暨东台市近期麻风流行病学趋势分析

Study on the recent trends of leprosy epidemiology in Yangzhou Prefecture and Dongtai City, Jiangsu Province

对１９８２年～１９９３年扬州地区暨东台市麻风流行病学趋势作了分析。自１９８２年～１９９３年共发现７５７例患者，其中新发现５６５例。１９８２年前ＤＤＳ单疗复发１９２例。分析示自１９８２年～１９９３年，每年发现病人数逐渐减少，病人发现率从１．６／１０万下降到０．４９／１０万，新病人中瘤型比从０．３９上升到０．６３，新病人发现时平均年龄从４０．３岁上升到４５．７岁，平均延迟期逐渐缩短。但新病人中２级或２级以上畸残率及病人中儿童患者比例下降不明显。认为该地区麻风流行程度已大大减轻，但仍需要加强少数疫点的麻风防治和病人的早期发现工作，以降低新病人中畸残率及儿童麻风比例。由于每年ＤＤＳ单疗复发病人占相当比例，应加强对ＤＤＳ单疗及ＭＤＴ治愈者的复发监测。

The paper reported the results of epidemiological study on leprosy in Yangzhou Prefecture and Dongtai City during 1982～1993. A total of 757 active cases were diagnosed during 1982～1993. Among them, 565 were newly diagnosed and 192 were relapsed cases after DDS monotherapy. The results showed that during 1982～1993, the number of annually diagnosed cases gradually decreased, the case detection rate declined from 1.6/100000 to 0.49/100000, the ratio of newly diagnosed lepromatous cases increased from 0.39 to 0.63, the average age of the cases at detection increased from 40.3 to 45.7 years, and the mean time from onset of leprosy to diagnosis shortened. But there were no significant changes in the disability rate (≥WHO grade 2) and the ratio of child case in new patients. The authors consider that the leprosy situation in these areas has improved markedly, but the leprosy control and early case finding need to be strengthened in some areas so as to decrease the disability rate and the ratio of child case. Because the relapsed cases after DDS monotherapy acounted for a noticeable proportion in the total number of cases, monitoring relapse in patients cured with DDS monotherapy and also MDT need to be strengthened.