道家对科技异化的思考及救治

Taoist Thought and Countermeasure on Science and Technology Aliention

道家科技观随着后现代主义科学观的兴起,越来越引起学人的再估价。道家“重技轻器”的思想充分关注了人的主观能动性;“朴散为器”的思想呼吁人们在器具的使用上应适可而止;“道进乎技”的思想全面考虑了技术实践对个体、自然和社会的影响,坚持以实现“养生”为根本目的;“道法自然”的思想注重对自然界、社会和人本身自然状态的维护,以“自然”作为包括科技活动在内的一切行为的准则,从而有助于保护生态。此外,道家认为化解自然、科技与人之间冲突的关键在于培育“真人”。因此我们认为道家的科技观对于当今科学主义与反科学主义之争以及科技异化的理解与把握,都可以提供弥足珍贵的思想资源。

With the emergence of post-modernism scientific view, Taoism science and technology view has become the main concern of scholars. ＂Taoism pays attention to technology and pays little attention to tools＇fully reflects people＇s initiatives;＂Divide the Unity,the parts become as tools＂calls attention to＇appropriate use of tools＂ ;＂Tao entering technology＇takes into consideration ＂The technological practicers effect on individuals,nature and society＂and insists on the basic purpose of ＂keeping healthy＂;＂Tao obeys nature＂stresses the importance of maintaining the natural conditions of nature, society, and persons; treats ＂nature＇as the code of all behaviors including science and technology so as to protect ecology. In addition,Taoism believes that the key to solve the conflicts among nature, science and technology and persons lles in the cultiviation ＂The pure person＂. Therefore we think Taoist science and technology view is a precious thought resources for the understanding of struggle between scientism and anti-scientism and science and technology aliention.