大麦种质资源形态特征及农艺性状的分析

Analyses of Agronomic Traits and Morphological Characteristics of Barley Germplasm Resources

为建立江苏省种质资源共享平台，给育种者提供种质信息和优质资源，对496份大麦品种资源的棱型、护颖宽窄、穗姿、穗色、穗长、穗密度、叶耳颜色、叶长、叶宽、皮裸性、芒型、芒性、从播种到抽穗的历期、株高、穗粒数、茎秆直径和千粒重进行考察及统计分析，建立了大麦品种资源信息数据库。供试材料多为二棱、窄护颖、穗姿直立、穗色黄、穗长6．0～7．9cm、密穗、红叶耳、长芒、齿芒、抽穗期160～180d的品种。相关分析表明，穗长越短，穗密度极密的比例越大；叶长与叶宽极显著正相关。变异分析表明，供试材料间在株高、穗粒数、千粒重上存在极显著的遗传差异。Z检验法显示，六棱大麦的叶长、叶宽、株高和茎秆直径都极显著地大于二棱大麦。

To establish a platform for the barley germplasm resources to be shared in Jiangsu province and to offer germplasm imformation for the breeders, the morphological characteristics and agronomic traits of totally 496 barley germplasm, such as row type, spike posture, spike length, spike density, leaf length, awn type, et al, were measured and analyzed. Most of the expreimental materials were two-row type, with narrow lemma, yellow and erect spike of 6. 0 - 7.9 cm, red auricle, and long or hooked awn. Correlation analysis revealed that ① the shorter the spike, the more the proportion of extremely dense spikes; ② the longer the leaf, the wider the leaf. There were significant differences in plant height, grain number per spike and kilograin weight between the expreimental materials. The leaf length, leaf width, plant height and stem diameter of six-row barley were significantly more than those of two-row barley.