川西古尔沟农耕区冬季小型兽类的初步研究

A Preliminary Research on Small Mammal in Winter Crop Fields in Guergou,Western Sichuan Province

将冬季川西古尔沟农耕区小型兽类生境划分为河岸灌丛、农田、山地灌丛3个生境,利用Shannon-Winer指数计算各群落的多样性和均匀性,发现各生境的冬季小型兽类群落都以社鼠为主要群落组成物种,其中河岸灌丛生境的物种多样性指数(H)和均匀性指数(E)分别是0.9219和0.5817;农田生境的H=0.6144,E=0.3876;山地灌丛生境的H=0.7959,E=0.3427。同时对各群落的优势种社鼠按臼齿磨损度划分年龄组,发现冬季只有成年Ⅰ组、成年Ⅱ组、近老体组、老年组4个年龄阶段的个体,没有幼体组和亚成体组的个体。可以认为种群来年的繁殖力较稳定,不存在爆发的可能性。

There are three kinds of habitats of the small mammals in the crop fields of Guergou, western Sichuan Province, during the winter： riverside shrub, cropland and upland shrub. Each community diversity and evenness is calculated by using the Shannon-Winter formula. Niviventer confucianus is the species which mainly makes up of the conmmnity during the winter, of which the diversity index （H） and the evenness index （E） are 0. 9219, 0. 5817 at the riverside shrub, 0. 6144, 0. 3876 at the cropland, and 0. 7959, 0. 3429 at the upland. Meanwhile, the dominant Niviventer confucianus of each community is divided into 4 age-group： grown-up Ⅰ , grown-up Ⅱ , nearly-agedness, and agedness, according to its fray degree of the cheek tooth. There is no infancy group and sub-grown-up group. Therefore, the reproduce-ability of the community next year is stable. There is no possibility of breaking out.