先秦儒家的人格思想对心理学研究的价值

On the Contributions of the Pre-Qin Confucian Personality Thought to the Modern Psychological Research

现代西方心理学在本体论思维方式的引领下,主要对人格的实然展开研究,缺少了对人格的应然探讨。先秦儒家则着重从人与自然、人与社会和人与自我的三个关系纬度对人格进行了应然的设计和塑造,指出了理想人格的标准和实现的途径。它对人格心理学研究的价值在于:注重在实然的基础上对人格的应然设计;突出人格成长中知和情的和谐一致;强调人格的自觉和发展;着眼于人格的社会关系和社会价值。

The modem West psychology mainly researches the personality innate condition under the ontology thought instruction, neglect to discuss ideal state of personality. Then the pre-qin Confucianist mainly design and mold the personality from three aspects of person and nature, person and society, person and self, points out criteria of ideal personality and ways of accomplishment. The value for the psychology research lie in： ideals personality is designed on basis of realization about innate personality; Insists consistency between knowledge and sentiments; Persists independent and development of personality; emphasize social relation and valuation of personality.