元杂剧繁兴原因新探

A New Exploration on the Prosperity of Yuan Drama

近年出版的文学史中,中国学者对于元杂剧在短时期内突然繁荣仍然祖述"汉人受压迫"的旧说,但是近年翻译出版的《剑桥中国辽西夏金元史》却从社会学角度提出了"互动说"。作者同意此说,但参酌陈寅恪以近代社会学之"集团研究法"论史,借助"与中原文化迥异的胡化地域和胡化集团士族",分疏唐代政治制度及士族政治分野的研究方法,从由金入元的北地汉人世侯文士集团,比照《录鬼簿》关于元曲作家的记载,佛教"以像立教"的传布特点,以及元人碑记中关于戏剧的记载,对于元杂剧短时期内突然繁兴的原因提出了新说。

The sudden prosperity of Yuan Drama is, by Chinese scholars, the result of the oppressed people of Han; whilst the Cambridge History of Liao, Xia, Jin, and Yuan Dynasties puts forward Interactive Theory from sociological point of view. With reference to Chen Yin-ke＇s Group Research of modern sociology, and to the study methods of political system of Tang dynasty and literati politics, by comparing the nobility scholars group of Han with Yuan dramatist recorded in the Book of Ghosts, and by image education of Buddhism and the Inscriptional Records of Yuan Dynasty, the paper puts forward new interpretation on short prosperity of Yuan drama.