三峡库区就地后靠移民心理特征及问题分析

ANALYSIS OF PSYCHOLIOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND PROBLEMS OF MIGRANTS IN THE THREE GORGES RESERVOIR AREA

[目的]了解和分析三峡库区就地后靠移民的心理特征及存在问题,为政府制定移民政策提供科学依据。[方法]应用定量研究与定性研究相结合的方法,定量方法主要是采用问卷调查;定性方法主要包括对后靠移民的深入访谈及对移民主管人员的关键人物访谈。[结果]三峡库区后靠移民在搬迁前后,职业构成,家庭主要经济来源构成及整体生活质量都有很大变化,其心理社会应激水平明显高于当地居民,有明显的焦虑心理,且老年和女性移民的心理问题更加突出。[结论]政府应加大对移民的经济扶持,后靠移民心理卫生工作的重点应是老年和女性移民。

[Objective] To investigate and analyze the psychological characteristics and problems of migrants in the three gorge reservoir area, and provide scientific basis for govermment to make resetdement policy. [ Methods] This study applied a method combined bv quantitative study and qualitative study, they quantitative method mainly used investigation with questionnaires; Qualitative method was mainly included in-depth interview for migrants and key-informant interview for the leaders of relocating. [ Results] The constituent ratio of occupations, main economic sources and general life quality of migrants had great changed after migrating. The levels of psychosocial stress of migrants were significantly higher than that of local residents, who had obvious anxious psychology, and the psychological problems of old and female migrants became more serious. [ Conclusion] Government should increase economic support for migrants, and the work of psychological health should be emphasized on aged people and women.