LASIK治疗高度及超高度近视眼的疗效分析

Analysis on Efficacy of Excimer Laser in situ Keratomileusis for the Treatment of High and Super-high Myopia

【目的】评价准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(LASIK)治疗高度及超高度近视的临床疗效。【方法】将在本科接受LASIK治疗的高度及超高度近视患者864例(1 599眼),根据屈光状态的不同分为两组:A组(-6.0D^-10.0D),共714例(1 311眼);B组(>-10.0D),共150例(248眼),对其临床疗效进行回顾性分析。【结果】两组患者术后d1裸眼视力即有明显提高;术后1周达到或接近术前最佳矫正视力;术后3个月时视力趋向稳定,裸眼视力与预期矫正视力符合率A组为94.05%(1233/1311眼),B组为93.15%(231/248眼)。术后3个月时实际矫正屈光度与预期矫正屈光度差值在±0.75D范围内者两组分别为94.20%及93.15%。屈光回退者两组分别为33眼(2.52%)及9眼(3.63%)。两组相比较差异均无显著性(P>0.05)。【结论】LASIK在治疗高度及超高度近视中是安全,有效和可预测的。疗效的提高有赖于设备与方法的改进,手术技巧的熟练及经验的积累。

[Objective] To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of excimer laser in situ keratomileusis （LASIK） for high and super-high myopia. [Methods] The retrospective study involved 864 patients（1599 eyes） with high and super-high myopia who received LASIK treatment in our department. All patients were divided into two groups according to preoperative diopters. There were 714 cases （1311 eyes） with high myopia （-6.0D～-10.0D） in Group A and 150 cases （248 eyes） with super-high myopia（〉-10.0D） in Group B. [Results] Naked visual acuity had been improved clearly in second day after surgery and arrived or approached the best corrected visual acuity of pre-operation. The visual acuity tended to stabilize in 3 months after operation. The coincident rate between naked visual acuity and anticipated corrected visual acuity were 94.05 % （1233 /1311 eyes ） in Group A and 93.15 % （231/248 eyes ）in Group B. The coincident rate between actual corrected diopters and anticipative corrected diopters ranged ±0.75D were 94.2% and 93.15% in above two groups respectively. Regressive eyes were 33 （2.52 % ） and 9 （3.63 % ）in two groups respectively. [Conclusion] LASIK is safe, effective and predictable for the treatment of high and super-high myopia. The improvement of efficacy depends on reform of apparatus and method, proficiency of surgical technique and accumulation of experience.