宜春市区中学生亚健康状况的调查分析

Investigation on Subhealth Among Middle School Students of Urban Areas of Yichun

目的了解宜春市区中学生亚健康状况及其影响因素,为预防和控制中学生亚健康的发生提供科学依据。方法采用整群和分层抽样方法抽取宜春市区一所高中及一所初中不同年级的中学生,进行亚健康状况的现况调查。结果调查的654名中学生中,亚健康发生率为27.99%,其中男生亚健康发生率26.04%,女生30.38%,男女之间无显著性差异(χ2=1.509,P=0.219)。高中组亚健康发生率为35.62%,明显高于初中组20.00%,两者之间存在显著性差异(χ2=19.808,P=0.000)。初、高中组亚健康发生率均随年级的升高而增加。亚健康的主要危险因素有:与同学朋友相处差;学习压力大;对所学专业不感兴趣、家庭经济状况差。结论宜春市区中学生的健康状况不令人满意,学校、教师、家庭及全社会应针对中学生亚健康状况,采取积极的干预措施。

Objective To study the distribution and risk factors on subhealth condition of middle school students and to provide scientific basis for health care, Methods A subhealth questionnaire was used in 1 high school and 1 junior middle school in Yichun City to investigate the subhealth status among the students in different grades, Results Subhealth preva- lence in the 654 investigated middle school students was 2？. 99 %, there was no significant difference between boys and girls among these students （X2 = 1. 509, P = 0. 219）. Subhealth prevalence was 20.00% and 35.62% in junior middle school group and senior group respectively, and showed significant difference （X2 = 19. 808, P = 0. 000）, both the junior and senior middle school students＇ subhealth incidences increased as their grades increasing. The main risk factors of subhealth in middle school students included difficultly communicating with their schoolmates and friends, studying under the high pressure, feeling burning with their majors and living a poor life. Conclusions The health status of middle school students in Yichun is not satisfactory, it is necessary to implement directive individual intervention and develop health education on subhealth in teachers, families, schools and the whole society.