中国地面交通线路密度的空间差异及其人文影响因素分析

Analysis on Spatial Differentiation of Land Transport Density and Influential Human Factors in China

以1996-2005年的统计数据为基础,运用标准差、变差系数对我国3大地带及地带间地面交通线路密度的绝对差、相对差进行了测度,表明3大地带内部及地带间的相对差和绝对差都很大且存在扩大的趋势.区位熵的进一步分析表明:区位熵大于1的省域集中在东部,西部区位熵普遍偏低,尤其是西北地区的西藏、青海、新疆、内蒙古、甘肃、宁夏等省域的区位熵都在0.5以下的极低水平.对主要人文影响因素的相关性分析和主成分回归分析表明:地面交通线路密度与经济、社会诸多因子的相关性都很强,其中与城市化水平的正相关性最强,与第一产业产值比重、工业化水平及第二产业产值比重的负相关性较强.

Using statistics from 1996 to 2005 about land transportation density, and by the O way of standard deviation and variation coefficients, the absolute deviation and relative deviation are measured. The study indicates that there is a big gap among the three regions both in terms of absolute deviation and relative deviation. Farther analysis of location quotient shows that most provinces with location quotient more than 1 are located in east regions. The index of western provinces is relatively lower, especially in northwestern provinces, such as Xizang, Qinghai, Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, Gansu and Ningxia, where the index is even less than 0.5. Correlative analysis reveals that there is a strong positive relation between land transportation density and urbanization level. However, the primary industry, industrialization level and other secondary industries have a negative relation with land transportation density.