汕头韩江三角洲南部蔬菜重金属污染及因素分析

Investigation of Heavy Metals Pollution in Vegetables and Influencing Factors in South Hanjiang Delta, Shantou

通过产地采样并用国颁标准方法对经济发达的韩江三角洲南部地区46个蔬菜样品中6种重金属元素进行了分析测试,并对照当地土壤重金属污染情况进行了污染成因分析研究。结果表明,研究区蔬菜中Pb、Cd、Ni3种元素含量100%超标,Cr元素含量也有95.7%超标。As和Zn两元素未超标。同时,蔬菜重金属污染与养地土壤重金属污染存在一定联系,不同蔬菜对重金属富集能力存在显著差异。应用因子分析和聚类分析,可将研究区6种重金属元素归因3个主因子,分别对应大气污染、土壤环境污染和工业废水污染3种来源。

The vegetable quality is important to human health, In order to assess heavy metals pollution in vegetables, the investigation on heavy metals in vegetables was carried out in Shantou city. The results showed that 6 heavy metals were detected in 46 vegetable samples, and the contents of the heavy metals in all of vegetable samples were higher than the national standard for Pb, Cd and Ni in GB 18406.1 of PRC, respectively. The contents of heavy metals in vegetables were affected greatly by human activities, and varied greatly with different vegetable types in Shantou city. Factor analysis and cluster analysis indicated that 6 heavy metals could be reduced to 3 main factors, and they were respectively air pollution, soil pollution and industrial waste water. Lead, cadmium, chromium and nickel were the most serious pollution heavy metals in Shantou city.