基于畜禽废弃物管理的发酵床技术研究:Ⅲ高湿热季节养殖效果评价

Study on Deep Litter System for Management of Livestock Manure Evaluation on Effects of Deep Litter System on Pig Growth in High Temperature and RH Season

通过养殖场养殖试验,研究了夏季高温、高湿条件下,发酵床养殖效果,并比较了不同垫料方式及垫料材料对猪生长的影响。结果显示:发酵床养殖发病率较常规养殖平均下降22.4%,减少了50%以上用工量,节约了82.1%用水量,猪日增重率增加了7.23%。按万头规模养殖场推算,采用发酵床技术可向环境减排10.8万m3养殖废水,能减排粪尿21600t,能节约成本10万元以上。即使在高温高湿的夏季,发酵床养殖在技术上、经济上和生态环境效益上仍然是一种切实可行的控制养殖场污染物排放的管理模式。

Deep-litter systems have been developed as an alternative management for domestic animal manure and utilized in temperature and cold area in world. In Jiangsu province, both temperature and relative humidity in summer are very high, the effects of deep litter system on pig growth need to be evaluated. A pile experiment was carried out on pig feed farm near Nanjing city. Effects of both feeding pig methods with deep litter and no litter on pig growth and reducing waste water and excreta discharge were compared, the differences between deep litter and shallow litter, both litters with saw dust and mixture of saw dust and rice hull with ratio of 1：1（V/V） on pig growth were also analyzed. The results showed that the diseases incidence decreased by 19.7% in deep litter system than that in no litter. The pig growth rate had no significant difference between deep litter and no litter. Water consumption in deep litter system decreased by 82.07% compared with that in no litter. No differences between deep and shallow litter, only saw dust and mixture litter on pig growth were found. A pig farm with ten thousand heads of pig could reduce 108 000 m^3 waste water and 21 600 t animal manure discharge to the environment and one billion yuan economic benefit would be increased if using the deep litter system. The deep litter system can be utilized in height temperature and humility season in south area of China.