巴西橡胶树主要种质对棒孢霉落叶病抗性评价

Resistance Identification of the Main Hevea brasiliensis Germplasm to Corynespora Leaf Fall Disease

由多主棒孢（Corynespora cassiicola）引起的橡胶树棒孢霉落叶病已成为影响天然橡胶产量的主要限制因素。本实验对从我国海南、云南和广西等地分离得到的17个橡胶树多主棒孢病菌菌株进行了致病性测定，获得强致病力菌株HC-10。分别用该菌株菌丝体接种鉴定、粗毒素叶片穿刺接种和叶片萎蔫生物鉴定等3种方法对我国选育的45个巴西橡胶树品种进行抗病性评价。结果表明，不同橡胶树品种对棒孢霉落叶病的抗性水平存在明显差异。在供试的45个品种中，不同抗性评价方法的鉴定结果基本一致，抗病品种占13-3％～17．8％；轻感病品种占66．7％～73．4％；易感病品种占11．1％～17．8％。

The Corynespora leaf fall disease（CLFD） of Hevea brasiliensis caused by the fungus Corynespora cassiicola has emerged as a major constraint for natural rubber production. Resistance of 45 clones collected from national rubber tree nursery was identified by inoculating pathogenic strains, leaf puncture bioassay and leaf wilt bioassay by utilizing crude toxin. The results showed that different Hevea clones manifested different resistance to Corynespora leaf fall disease. Of the 45 clones, the disease-resistant clones were found to be 13.3% - 17.8%, the light disease- susceptible clones 66.7% - 73.4% and the disease-susceptible clones are 11.1-17.8%.