耐盐性高吸水性树脂的制备及性能研究

Study on the Synthesis and Performance of Novel Salt-tolerant Superabsorbent Resin

采用水溶液聚合法,以黄原胶为原料与丙烯酸单体接枝共聚制备耐盐性高吸水性树脂,利用FTIR对产物结构进行了表征,研究了交联剂用量、丙烯酸单体中和度、聚合温度及引发剂用量等对该耐盐型高吸水性树脂的吸水性和吸盐性的影响。结果表明,黄原胶与丙烯酸在聚合温度为60℃,m(丙烯酸单体):m(黄原胶)=6:1,丙烯酸中和度为70%,引发剂和交联剂与丙烯酸单体质量比分别为0.07:1和0.04:1时,改变交联剂、引发剂用量能提高树脂的吸盐性;中和度对树脂的吸水性有一定影响,但对吸盐性没有明显影响。所得树脂吸纯水倍率为1216g/g,吸盐水倍率为421g/g,吸水速率与保水性能良好,是一种性能优越的耐盐性高吸水性树脂。

The superabsorbent polymer with good salt tolerance was synthesized with acrylic acid grafted on xanthan gum through solution polymerization.The structure of this product was analysed by FTIR.The influence of the amount of the crosslinking agent,neutralization of acrylic acid,polymerization temperature and redox initiator ratio on the absorption capacity was studied.FTIR indicated that acrylic acid was grafted on xanthan gum.The optimum reaction conditions were determined as follows：reaction temperature 60 ℃,m（AA）：m（xanthan gum）=6：1 and neutralization 70%,dosage of initiator 0.07 and cross-linking agent 0.04（based on mass of acrylic acid）.It was also demonstrated that the amount of the crosslinking agent and initiator influenced to a certain extent the absorption resins for 0.9% NaCl solution while the neut ralized degree of acrylic acid had no significant impact on the absorption capacity.The results showed that the absorbent ability of this resin was 1 216 g/g for pure water and 421 g/g for NaCl solutio n.The speed of water absorption was moderate and water-retention ability were good.