食蚜瘿蚊对3种蚜虫捕食作用的研究

Study on the Predation Function of Aphidoletes aphidimyza on Three Species of Aphids

[目的]为评价和充分利用食蚜瘿蚊的控蚜作用。[方法]将甘蓝蚜、桃蚜、蔷薇长管蚜分别设置5个密度,并用甘蓝蚜作种内干扰竞争试验,研究食蚜瘿蚊对3种蚜虫的捕食作用。[结果]食蚜瘿蚊对甘蓝蚜、桃蚜、蔷薇长管蚜的捕食功能反应均符合HollingⅡ型方程。食蚜瘿蚊对甘蓝蚜、桃蚜、蔷薇长管蚜一昼夜的捕食上限分别为13、11、12头,猎物密度相同时对甘蓝蚜的寻找效应始终高于桃蚜和蔷薇长管蚜。食蚜瘿蚊幼虫有较强的种内干扰反应,平均捕食量随自身密度的增大逐渐减少。[结论]食蚜瘿蚊的捕食数量随蚜虫密度的增加而增加,寻找效应随蚜虫密度的增大而降低。食蚜瘿蚊对甘蓝蚜的捕食量最高,捕食率随自身密度的增大而降低。

[Objective] The aim was to evaluate and fully utilize the control effect of Aphidoletes aphidimyza on aphids.[Method] 5 densities of Brevicoryne brassicae,Myzus persicae and Macrosiphum rosae were set up resp.,and B.brassicae was used to do the competitive experiment of interspecies disturbance to study the predacious function of A.aphidimyza on 3 species of aphids.[Result] All the predacious function responses of A.aphidimyza to B.brassicae,M.persicae and M.rosae accorded with Holling Ⅱ equation.The upper predation limits of A.aphidimyza on B.brassicae,M.persicae and M.rosae in a day and night were 13,11 and 12 heads resp.and the seeking effect on B.brassicae at the same prey density was always higher than that on M.persicae and M.rosae.A.aphidimyza larva had stronger interspecies disturbance response,with average predation reducing gradually along with the increment of itself density.[Conclusion] The predation quantity of A.aphidimyza increased and the finding effect reduced along with the increment of aphids density.The predation quantity of A.aphidimyza on B.brassicae was highest and the predacious rate reduced along with the increment of itself density.