植物表面非光滑形态与润湿性的关系

Relationship between non-smooth appearance and wettability of plant leaf surface

从工程角度出发,应用多项对比试验与典型分析相结合的方法,选取吉林省长春地区的部分植物,应用体视显微镜、扫描电镜和静滴接触角测量仪等进行了植物功能叶表面的非光滑形态及与水的表面润湿性和粘附性的试验研究。试验结果表明,植物表面具有的非光滑形态与表面润湿能力的强弱有极大的关系,非光滑单元体的形状和分布是影响植物表面憎水性强弱的决定性因素;规律分布凸包形非光滑单元体的植物表面的憎水性强,脱附效果好;规律密布表皮毛形非光滑单元体次之。上述结果为生物表面仿生工程和复合材料表面设计提供了借鉴。

The plant leaf surface is generally characterized by microscopic or macroscopic non-smooth appearance, and is mostly water-repellent. From the engineering point of view, applying the method of multi-contrast experiment and the typical analysis in combination, selecting some plants in Changchun area as samples to study their non-smooth appearance of the functional leaf surface, their wettability （characterized by the surface contact angle） by means of a stereoscopic microscope, a scanning electron microscope, and the interface contact angle measurement. It was found that the relationship between the non-smooth appearance of leaf surface and its wettability is very strong, and the shape and distribution of the non-smooth elements are the decisive factors. The surface with regular distribution of convex elements presents large contact angle, strong water repellence, and good self-clearing ability, and that of hairy non-smooth elements takes the nextplace. The study is beneficial to the surface bionic engineering and the surface design of composite materials.